How is increased intracranial pressure due to CNS cryptococcosis treated in HIV infection? How is relapsed CNS cryptococcosis treated in HIV infection? What is included in the maintenance therapy for CNS cryptococcosis in HIV infection? How is CNS cryptococcosis treated in HIV infection? Which histologic findings are characteristic CNS cryptococcosis in HIV infection? What is the role of CT scan and MRI in the workup CNS cryptococcosis in HIV infection? Which CSF analysis findings are characteristic of CNS cryptococcosis in HIV infection? What are the signs and symptoms CNS cryptococcosis in HIV infection? Which clinical history findings are characteristic of CNS cryptococcosis in HIV infection? What is the prognosis of CNS cryptococcosis in HIV infection? What causes CNS cryptococcosis in HIV infection? What is the prevalence CNS cryptococcosis in HIV infection? What is the pathophysiology CNS cryptococcosis in HIV infection? Consolidation therapy with fluconazole was started, and antiretroviral therapy was later prescribed.What is CNS cryptococcosis in HIV infection? Induction therapy with liposomal amphotericin B and flucytosine was started, and resolution of symptoms and negative results on CSF culture were noted after 2 weeks of treatment. A test for the human immunodeficiency virus antibody was positive the viral load was 300,000 copies per milliliter, and the CD4+ count was 7 cells per microliter (reference range, 500 to 1450). The cryptococcal antigen titer was 1:128, and the CSF culture grew Cryptococcus neoformans. Gram’s stain (Panel A) and India ink stain (Panel B) revealed abundant encapsulated, round yeasts, with some budding forms. The glucose level was 46 mg per deciliter (2.6 mmol per liter reference range, 40 to 70 mg per deciliter ), and the protein level was 0.80 g per liter (reference range, 0.15 to 0.45). The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cell count was 340 cells per microliter (reference range, 0 to 10), with 90% mononuclear cells, which were predominantly lymphocytes. The opening pressure on lumbar puncture was 29 cm of water (reference range, <20 cm). Computed tomography of the head was normal. The physical examination was notable for a temperature of 38.3☌ and neck stiffness. He was previously healthy and was sexually active with men. The most trusted, influential source of new medical knowledge and clinical best practices in the world.Ī 36-year-old man presented to the emergency department with a 2-week history of fever, headache, drowsiness, and photophobia.
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